bon teavant
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Bon Teavant

ming hai puerh with roy fong

Imperial Tea Court is one of San Francisco's longest running tea enterprises, and is owned by Roy Fong.
Roy is one of the most knowledgeable tea masters I know, and I was lucky to be granted an audience and a couple of cups of his early 1990's Ming Hai Puerh the other day.

Roy is a salt-of-the-earth tea master, claiming that the pedigree of a tea or a tea master is not as important as the tea experience itself.  "The tea should always be clean and bright," Roy said.  "Let the personality of the tea and of the guest determine how you will begin," he says, reminding me of the many shamans I have filmed and interviewed from Africa to South America, most of whom agree that to heal a person, you must know the character of the person and the illness as well as the character of the plants that might heal him.  So it is true of tea as well.  

Roy suggests that a person experiment as much as possible with the teas that interest you.  Try different water temperatures, serving vessels, leaf quantities and steeping times. This way you will begin to understand the potential range of flavors and expressions of the tea.  Lower water temperatures bring out more floral notes of a tea, he claims.  I have noticed this also, and that sometimes using less leaf and letting it steep a bit longer brings out more subtle and delicate notes that are otherwise lost.

Roy and I have both come to some other similar conclusions about optimal steeping habits. For one, don't boil the water only to let it cool down to a temperature that is best for the tea.  Bring the water only to the temperature you want it to be, and not beyond. Remember that the water is a living entity, just as the tea is.  Scalding or boiling it will change it's character.  If you don't want to steep the tea in boiling water, don't bring it to a full boil, but only to the optimal steeping temperature.

Second, tea and metal are not that compatible during steeping.  Although many teas are stored in metal containers or distributed in metal bags, when you are steeping the tea and the leaves are "waking up", you don't want them exposed to metal.  I avoid metal strainers, spoons, and other items containing metals. I do use a stainless steel tea kettle, but I suspect that an enamel coated tea kettle would be optimal. 

When I met with Roy, he was just about to leave for China. He says that to really know a tea, you need to climb the mountains where it grows and observe it in its natural setting.  Many purveyors of tea buy their teas from brokers and never understand the teas' origins.  "When you are in the mountains, you learn what the tea is going through, in its growing, harvesting, and processing," Roy said. "I could do it the easy way, just stay in my hotel room and meet with brokers, but then I wouldn't really understand the tea."  He first went to Yunnan 20 years ago, though he "likes to do something new, learn something new about tea every time."

Puerh teas from old growth trees have become fashionable to buy and collect now, yet Roy has been at it for twenty years.  When a tea comes from trees hundreds of years old, it embodies properties of the earth over those centuries: the air and atmosphere, the soil conditions, the light, even the stories of the local inhabitants.  This is what engages tea lovers who perhaps long for bygone eras when one could not hear the hum of engines, machinery, and electricity, but only the sounds of the wind and the nearby streams.  All of this is in this old growth tea, it is said.

"In most cases, wild teas taste better than cultivated teas,"Roy continued.  "Nature knows best what to do with a plant.  Man changes the balance of nature.  Wild teas have usually been there for a long time.  They are not self conscious.  They grow as they are meant to grow. When a tea is cultivated, the end product is not what nature intended."

Last, but not least, Roy delighted in sharing that wherever you find great tea, you find great water.  As with others who have made a pilgrimage to China to drink tea at the site of origin, Roy claims that the water, ladled from a nearby stream and simmered, makes the most outstanding, unrepeatable tea experience.

Look for Roy's book on ten top teas from China (title as yet unconfirmed) coming out soon. (It will be posted on this blog).


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korean tea ceremony at teance

Teance in Berekley is a great community forum in the San Francisco Bay Area for tea education.  Last week, students of tea were treated to a Korean tea ceremony performance by Korean tea master, Yoon Hee Kim

"What you begin, you end; what you start you bring to closure," said Kim, as she demonstrated the correct hand motions for this beautifully poised tea ceremony.  "We see what tea does best when the three aspects of tea come together in harmony: color, fragrance, and taste," said Kim. "One should not overpower the others for tea to be in perfect balance."

While tea was first mentioned in Korea over 5000 years ago, it gained public attention when Buddhist monks used tea in a royal funeral in the seventh century. Korean poets and intellectuals engaged in tea ceremony and gatherings for tea for hundreds of years, but then tea lost its footing through a series of unfortunate events in Korea, including war and occupation by foreign forces.  It was in the 1960s that tea made a comeback in Korea, and then again, it was through Buddhist monks, artists and intellectuals who celebrated its renaissance.

According to Yoon Hee Kim, there are four types of Korean tea ceremony:  Woman's Tea Service; Scholar's (Men's) Tea Service; Royal Tea Service (for royalty, of course); and Outdoor Tea Service, where poets and artists gather to talk about tea, art, and literature. And within a tea ceremony, there are often three steepings: the first for taste, the second, which is served with snacks, and the third, if the hostess wishes to continue, is for discussion.

Korean green tea is steeped at about 160-170ºF, but according to Kim, tea growers of the finest teas claim that the water temperature shouldn't matter so much, and that special notes of a tea will be brought out at different temperatures.  I found this fascinating, and, quite honestly, it reinforces my own experience in steeping tea. Kim also mentioned that while first flush teas are considered the most precious, summer and autumn teas have a complexity that can't be found in spring teas, and so in their own way, hold as much value.  "A tea might have its own story that can be told only in the autumn flush," said Kim.

With the characteristic grace and humility of a great tea master, Yoon Hee Kim, gave us the sensual and delightful experience of Korean tea ceremony.  If ever you have an opportunity to see it, take it.











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morning tea-©2008 jennifer leigh sauer

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tea : the antidote to perfectionism

Tea seems to be the perfect antidote to perfectionism.  As I continue to experiment with brewing teas, I learn more about what it means to brew a great cup of tea.  Try steeping the leaves at a temperature that will bring out the most flavor the tea can offer, while making sure the water is not so hot that it injures the tea.  This is a delicate balance.  The steeping time is just as critical.  How long to brew the tea to optimize flavor?  How do you know what is optimal flavor? Does anyone really know or is it purely subjective?  
   
These questions can sustain the perfectionist terperament for hours--all the way to surrender.  I've noticed that the greatest tea people will admit that they like to brew teas differently than what is considered by tea masters to be the "right way."  Apparently in China and Taiwan, one uses a lot of leaves, steeped for a shorter period of time.  In a tea class with Winnie Yu at Teance, Winnie asked her students what they thought was the best way is to brew oolongs.  She admitted that professional tea masters prefer more tealeaves steeped for a shorter period of time, but that she has found optimal flavor by using less tea and steeping it for a longer time.  This has been my experience as well.   
   
There is also the question of which teaware to use.  Porcelain gaiwans are usually my teaware of choice, but I also use yixing teapots for some oolongs, like my aged Wenshang Baozhong from Red Blossom Tea.  As well, a friend recently gave me the lovely gift of a japanese glass teapot/server, and that seems great for green teas which are so vibrant in color that watching them steep is part of the mastery of creating a great tea experience.
   
You might get to the point where your obsession becomes so ridiculous that even you recognize the futility.  There is no "perfectly" brewed tea, or if you do think you have hit a Camellia sinensis Nirvana, just try to do it again the next day.  Invariably you will be lamenting your inability to "get it right" again.  I suppose it is the same with any addiction.  You get a taste of the"high," and ever after you seek the same Eden, hitting it sometimes, but more often than not, quizically wondering where you went wrong and why you have a headache.
   

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tea balls and fan ©2008 jennifer leigh sauer


Tea Balls and Fan is a new image.  Check back for updates.

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james norwood pratt, tea & evensong ©2008 jennifer leigh sauer

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tea and evensong with james norwood pratt

Tea illuminato James Norwood Pratt and his lovely Lady Valerie invited me over to share tea and Evensong this week.  Evensong is an enchanting, half-hour, weekday afternoon ritual of music and prayer held at San Francisco’s Grace Cathedral onNob Hill. Our mutual love of Camelia sinensis combines well with our shared interest in ritual, prayer, devotion,and music, and creates a magical afternoon that some can only dream of.

To enter Norwood and Valerie’s home in North Beach is to discover a temple of tea and culture. The aura of literature and art, with its books, busts, and religious icons, wash over the visitor like fragrant notes of a fine tea. 

Norwood is devoted—to tea and more deeply and personally, to his sense of the more subtle structures of the universe with its sky-blue porcelain gods, earth-green teas, and amber-brown, leather-clad beckonings of Goethe.  Valerie is a lovely English woman whose gentle and intelligent bearing remind one that femininity is both strong and soft.  With ember-red hair, and a liquid awareness about her blue eyes, Valerie offers perhaps more with her attentive and quiet demeanor as most others do with their many words.

What moves me most about Norwood is not only the depth of his knowledge about tea, history, art and literature, but the depth of his spirit.  His Southern manners prevent him from flaunting his sturdy intellect, so it slowly seeps into you like a soft, fine mist.  I get the sense that he will meet whatever level of mental faculty is offered by his companion, but his gentle kindness and humility would not permit him to brandish overly rigorous thoughts that might elude or intimidate his guest.

Despite his bearing of refinement, Norwood is also magnificently irreverent.  One of my favorite art pieces in Norwood’s home is a clay cast bust (made by San Francisco sculptor Harriet Moore) of Norwood himself,  sporting a large, floppy English afternoon tea hat which Norwood has apparently placed on its head.  Norwood loves to poke fun at himself, and this makes him not only endearing inside his gigantic persona as the country’s foremost tea expert, but more approachable as well.

Valerie offers me the best seat in the living room, a red leather, high-backed chair facing the SanFrancisco Bay with its toy sailboat views.  We try our first tea, a 2008 spring harvest Tung Ting oolong, freshly arrived within 24 hours at Red Blossom Tea, and which I brought with me as an offering.  Norwood steeps the tea in a lovely white porcelain vessel, custom designed by his friend, Jason Chen, who is the owner of Lu Yu Tea in Bellevue, Washington.  The infuser looks like a tall tea cup with an elongated filter.  We drink from large white porcelain tea cups, antiques seemingly worn with the ancient sipping of old Chinese tea drinkers. The tea is delicious, and Norwood approves.  He is especially pleased, as he has been focusing intently on oolongs for the past six months, he says.  I breathe easier, and the level of revelry between us swirls and rises. 

We then try a very special tea, Golden Lily, from Lu Yu Tea. This tea was really spectacular. Just a few kilos of this organically grown and hand-processed tea is made available, and then only to tea maker Jason Chen’s closest friends. Apparently Chen owns many hectares of land in the Zhejiang and Fujian provinces of China, where he oversees the growing, harvesting, and processing of his own organic teas.  The tea label includes information on the tea’s origin, altitude at which it was grown, harvest season, and steeping suggestions—all the information a connoisseur would want to know about a tea (s)he is purchasing.  We finish with a lovely Te Kuan Yin, an homage to the goddess Norwood reveres.

“So what makes a great tea, Norwood?", I ask.

“In my opinion, the tea plant is the highest form of vegetation. It is always a combination of heaven, earth, and man -- heaven being everything above ground, earth being the ground and everything below it, and of course, the influence of man relates to the growing, harvesting, processing and brewing of the tea plant.  A great tea is made when all three of these factors combine, each at their best and in perfect harmony with each other.”

Two hours of discussion and tea evanesce into wisps of fine memories, and we hasten out the door to walk up the hill to Grace Cathedral, which is both grand and graciously welcoming, like my hosts.  We sit in chairs on the altar, right by the Grace Men & Boys Choir. Hearing the child voices mingle with adult voices creates a wonderful wand of energy passing over the church.  Together, Norwood, Valerie and I sing and pray, voices lifted to the lovely arched ceilings and stained glass masterpieces.

As we leave, Norwood pays respects to a special corner of the cathedral that holds a statue of “Saint” John Donne.  “Now this is the kind of saint I can really pray to,” says Norwood.  “You wouldn’t want to trust praying to a saint that was always only good. Donne is the saint of writers and poets,” he says with a bemused smile, and gently bows to St. John Donne.



 

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sf japanese tea garden-©2007jenniferleighsauer

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tea brewing notebook

I have begun to keep a tea brewing notebook, and recently learned that others who are passionate about tea do the same.  At a recent tea brewing class at Teance, I met a woman named Laurelin who also keeps a very special tea notebook, which includes not only her notes from classes, but also articles about tea that she found and printed out to fit the format of her notebook.  She also does lovely drawings and calligraphy.  

My tea notebook is, of course, a little different.  It includes not only practical experiences with tea regarding steeping times, temperature, and how each steeping changes, but also how the tea changes my mood and what characteristics each tea seems to possess in terms of emotion, energy and inspiration.

I learned to do this when taking classes on plant energetics with a Native American herbalist, who taught how the energetic essence of plants effects the psyche as well as the body.

Plants have been used as medicines since animals first inhabited the earth.  Over the millennia, plants have also readily assisted healers, tribal leaders, shamans, and spiritual seekers in their quest for visions to help heal and direct their actions and intentions, as well as influencing the decisions made for whole communities. In native traditions, plants are respected not only for their beauty and material uses, but because of their ability to help humans emotionally and spiritually.  

As tea has been embraced by healers and monks for centuries, it seems only logical to conclude that if one is very sensitive, tea might impart benefits beyond quenching thirst and providing an alertness due to its caffeine content. 
As such, my tea brewing notebook focuses not only on how the tea steeps and in what conditions, but how it changes me emotionally, mentally, and physiologically.

For example, a recent entry of a 1996 Ming Hai pu-erh from Red Circle Tea, reads:

"This tea steeps well and quickly in 45 seconds or so, using water just near boiling in a small gaiwan with about 2 tsp. of tea. This pu-erh provides clarity.  Also, it inspires meticulousness and tidiness.  Creates a mellowness around the head and chest area.  Depth. Warmth. Vitality. Clarity. Kindness.  Calmness of being. Confidence. Amiability."

Inspired by Laurelin's tea notebook, I might also begin including new photographs of tea, since I am by profession, a photographer and love photographing tea, teaware, and tea experiences.

For your own pleasure, you might want to create your own tea brewing notebook. See what the tea teaches you and how it changes you psychologically and physiologically.  It will enhance your passion for tea and create a record that you enjoy keeping and looking back on for reference.






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head of tea practice-green gulch zen center ©2007 jennifer leigh sauer

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